Complex clastic reservoirs need intergrated interpretation approach, In some of the world producing clastic reservoir like we observe in Vietnam’s Nam Con Son basin where Upper part of this basin contains Miocene clastics; significant feature of these clastic reservoir is the presence of high carbonate cement - coupled with high diagenesis in associated clay resulting into variable clay structure and clay electrical properties which leads to formation evaluation uncertainties. This abstract presents a introduction of integrated interpretation in such complex clastic reservoirs and recommends Best practices and emphasizes the deficiency of single sensor approach and value of an integrated approach.
Thorough interpretation of complex clastic reservoir for maximized benefits needs systematic integrated approach with proper understanding of various sensor data. Sensors needed for Integrated interpretation of complex clastic reservoir are Core data , nuclear magnetic resonance, Elemental spectroscopy, Image, Acoustic and conventional sensors data for determination of reservoir behavior and creation of optimized exploration program. This work presents a development of dynamic interpretation workflow as per standard practices and modified as per lessons learned during the project. Final workflow developed, helped to calculate accurate Reservoir properties and behavior.
Complex clastic reservoirs poses challenge in determining matrix porosity; any error in identification of matrix property such as matrix density can lead to incorrect estimation of matrix porosity. Elemental spectroscopy data helps in determining matrix lithology, matrix density can be estimated once matrix lithology is known. Photoelectric factor is an important measurement for lithology identification but it was challenging to use it in this interpretation due to clay diagenesis resulting into variable mixing of different clay types. Complex lithology also results into high variation in reservoir quality especially relative permeability, clay, capillary and free fluid porosities.NMR enabled obtaining permeability and porosity portioning in addition to qualifying fluid typing .. Variation of NMR porosity as compared with Elemental spectroscopy porosity also helps in identifying porosity variation due to hydrogen index effect even in low porosity complex reservoir. Finally obtained stoneley permeability from acoustic tool is calibrated with other permeability measurement and Flow zone index is estimated. Workflow developed helps to understand reservoir behavior and calculates important reservoir properties including Clay type, Clay volume, ClaySilt ratio, water saturation, porosities, permeability and Flow zone index with significant accuracy while also correlating with testing and sampling results.
This work establishes a workflow for use and integration of various available data to determine complex clastic reservoir behavior. Novelty of workflow lies in its dynamic nature, it starts as a standard workflow but its modified as newer information are obtained about reservoir and new lessons learned during interpretation phase.
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